✅ What is a Lambda?

A lambda expression is a short block of code which takes in parameters and returns a value. It provides a clear and concise way to represent a functional interface.

🧪 Syntax:

(parameters) -> expression

// or

 (parameters) -> { statements; }

 

✅ Examples:

Simple Runnable:

Runnable r = () -> System.out.println("Hello World");

Comparator:

Comparator<Employee> comp = (e1, e2) -> e1.getSalary() - e2.getSalary();

 

With Functional Interface:

@FunctionalInterface

interface MathOperation {

    int operate(int a, int b);

}

 

MathOperation add = (a, b) -> a + b;

 

💡 Common Functional Interfaces (java.util.function):

Interface

Method

Use

Predicate

boolean test(T t)

Used for filtering

Function<T, R>

R apply(T t)

For mapping/transformation

Consumer

void accept(T t)

For performing actions

Supplier

T get()

For supplying results

🔥 Method References (Lambda Shortcut)

Type

Syntax

Example

Static method

Class::method

Math::abs

Instance method

object::method

System.out::println

Constructor

Class::new

ArrayList::new